Everything about Khalil Sultan Timurid Dynasty totally explained
Khalil Sultan (
1384 –
November 4,
1411) was a
Timurid ruler in
Transoxiana from
1405 to
1409. He was a son of
Miran Shah and a grandson of
Timur.
During Timur's lifetime, Khalil Sultan gained the conqueror's particular favor. He distinguished himself during the campaign in
India and in
1402 was given rule of
Ferghana. Upon Timur's death in 1405 Khalil viewed himself as his successor. Timur's appointed successor
Pir Muhammad was quickly cast aside, and Khalil gained control of
Samarkand. Khalil gained Timur's treasury and bestowed the puppet title of
Chagatai Khan (which before had always been granted by Timur to a descendant of
Genghis Khan to legitimitze his rule) to a Timurid prince. Khalil also gained an ally, Sultan Husain, who had previously also made claims to the throne as a grandson of Timur.
Meanwhile,
Shah Rukh, who was ruling in
Herat, also decided to press his claims. He advanced to the
Oxus River against Khalil but turned back when Khalil's father Miran Shah, as well as his brother
Aba Bakr, marched from
Azerbaijan in support. Nevertheless, Khalil's position began to weaken. He was unpopular in Samarkand, where the nobility despised his wife Shad Mulk. The latter had considerable influence over Khalil, convincing him to appoint people of low birth to high positions at the expense of the nobility. A famine didn't help his situation. He decided to return to Ferghana with his former mentor, Khudaidid Husain, who went to Mughalistan (realm of the eastern Chagatai Khans) in an attempt to win their support.
Khalil's rule in Samarkand finally fell when Shah Rukh entered the city unopposed on
May 13, 1409. Transoxiana was then given to Shah Rukh's son
Ulugh Beg. Khalil decided to surrender to Shah Rukh, who had captured Shad Mulk. He received his wife back, and was appointed governor of
Ray. He died there in 1411. Not long afterward, his wife committed suicide.
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